Type 2 diabetes directly affects 34.2 million Americans (1). Combined pathophysiologic mechanisms of impaired pancreatic insulin production and release, resistance to insulin by target tissues, and dysregulation of hepatogluconeogenesis lead to hyperglycemia (2). Long-term complications of chronically uncontrolled type 2 diabetes include both microvascular and macrovascular disease. The effects of diabetes on the vasculature increase the risk of death from heart disease by two to four times; as a result, >68% of people ≥65 years of age with diabetes die of some form of heart disease and 16% die of stroke (3). The prevalence of heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes is four times that in the general population, ranging between 9 and 22% (4). Additionally, 38.6% experience end-stage renal disease (2).
…. more: Diabetes Journals (ADA) (Quelle/Source)